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This article lists political parties in Spain.

Spain has a multi-party system at both the national and regional level. Nationally, there are five dominant political parties: Podemos (left-wing), PSOE (centre-left), Ciudadanos (centre to centre-right), Partido Popular (centre-right to right-wing) and Vox (right-wing to far-right).

The current makeup makes it difficult for any other formation or coalition to achieve an electoral majority in the bicameral Cortes Generales (consisting of both the national Congress of Deputies and regional representation in the Senate). Regional parties can be strong in autonomous communities like Catalonia and the Basque Country and are often essential for national government coalitions.

National political formations of Spain

• People's Party (Partido Popular, PP) -- mainstream centre-right to right-wing party, that is conservative, Catholic and economically liberal.
• Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) -- mainstream centre-left social democratic party linked to General Union of Workers (Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT) trade union.
• United We Can (Unidos Podemos, UP) -- an anti-austerity left-wing electoral alliance led by the leftist 2014-founded party Podemos. The alliance is also formed by the United Left (Izquierda Unida, IU), which is associated with Workers' Commissions (Comisiones Obreras, CCOO) trade union, and other left-wing parties that advocate green politics.
• Citizens (Ciudadanos) -- a centre^[1] to centre-right^[2] economically liberal party. It supports high degree of political decentralization, but it rejects autonomous communities' right to self-determination.
• Vox -- a right-wing to far-right, Spanish nationalist party whose main ideologies are social conservatism, economic liberalism and centralism (i.e. strong opposition to Spain's peripheral nationalisms). It defends the restriction of Islamic immigration. The party thinks that Europe has to give asylum to Christians and Yazidis, and that rich Islamic countries have to grant Muslim refugees asylum.
• Union, Progress and Democracy (Unión, Progreso y Democracia, UPyD) -- a progressive party which ideologically combines social liberalism with centralism from the centre of political spectrum. It strongly supports the unity of Spain, thereby being an enemy of Spain's peripheral nationalism.
• Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (Partido Animalista Contra el Maltrato Animal, PACMA) -- a centre-left party focused on the fight for animal rights, the environment and social justice. The party seeks to ban all sorts of bullfighting events.

Most voted political parties in the November 2019 Spanish general election

Other political parties represented in regional parliaments

Political parties running for the Spanish general election, 2011^[4]

• Amaiur
• Partido Andalucista (PA)
• Andecha Astur
• Anticapitalist Left
• Asturias Forum (FAC)
• Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV)
• Convergence and Union (CIU)
• Communist Party of the People of Spain (PCPE)
• Communist Unification of Spain
• EQUO
• Escaños en Blanco (Eb) [es]
• España 2000
• Falange Española de las JONS
• For a Fairer World (PUM+J) [es]
• Foro Centro y Democracia (CYD)
• Humanist Party (PH)
• Internet Party (PDI)
• Partido de Castilla y León (PCAL) [es]
• Partido Regionalista por Andalucía Oriental (PRAO) [es]
• Animalist Party Against Mistreatment to Animals (PACMA)
• People's Party (Spain) aka Popular Party (PP)
• Pirates of Catalonia (Pirata.cat)
• Platform for Catalonia (PxC)
• Podemos (not the same as Podemos)
• Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC)
• Republican Left of Catalonia (Esquerra)
• Republican Left of the Valencian Country (ERPV)
• Republicanos (RPS)
• Solidaridad y Autogestión Internacionalista (SAIn) [es]
• Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
• Unidá
• Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)
• United Left (Spain)

Political parties without any representation

• Estat Català (1922-present)
• Partido Regionalista del País Leonés (Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country) Salamanca, Zamora, León PREPAL (1980-present)
• Los Verdes (1984-present)
• Partíu Asturianista (1985-present)
• Frente Popular Galega (1986-present)
• Batzarre (1987-present)
• Andecha Astur (1990-present)
• Unidad Regionalista de Castilla y León (1992-present)
• Izquierda Asturiana (1992-present)
• Conceju Nacionaliegu Cántabru (1995-present)
• Falange Auténtica (2002-present)
• Partido Animalista Contra el Maltrato Animal (2003-present) (PACMA)
• Izquierda Castellana (2002-present)
• Partido Pirata (2006-present)
• Partido da Terra (2011-present)
• Ciudadanos Agobiados y Cabreados
• Ciudadanos En Blanco
• Comunión Tradicionalista
• Herritarren Zerrenda (legal in France, but not in Spain due to links with Batasuna / Herri Batasuna)
• Los Verdes de la Comunidad de Madrid
• Carlist Party, see Carlism
• Partido Cannabis
• Partido del Karma Democrático
• Partido Humanista
• Zutik
• Por un Mundo más Justo
• Por una Europa de los Trabajadores y los Pueblos - No a la Constitucion Europea - coalition of PCPE and LI-LIT.CI
• Prepal
• Unidad Regionalista Asturiana
• Unión Centrista Liberal
• Zornotza Eginez (local)
• Agrupación de Electores Independientes Zamoranos
• Alianza para el Desarrollo y la Naturaleza
• Alianza por la Unidad Nacional
• Bloque por Asturies
• Coalición Asturiana
• Coalición Europea
• Coalición Liberal - European Liberal, Democrat and Reform Party
• Extremadura Unida
• Iniciativa Socialista de Izquierdas
• Los Parados
• Los Verdes Ecopacifistas
• Lucha Internacionalista
• Nueva Izquierda Verde
• Nuevo Partido por la Democracia^[5][6]
• Partido de Acción Socialista (PASOC)
• Partido de los Autónomos Jubilados y Viudas
• Partido del Bierzo
• Partido de Internet
• Partido de la Libertad Individual [1]
• Partido Demócrata Español
• Partido Familia y Vida
• Partido Ibérico [2]
• Partido Mutuo Apoyo Romántico
• Partido Obrero Socialista Internacionalista
• Muerte al Sistema (+MAS+)^[7]
• SOMOS España

Social conservatism parties

• Spanish Alternative (2003-present)

Communist parties

• Communist Party of Spain (1921-present)
• Communist Unification of Spain (1973-present)
• Partido Comunista Obrero Español PCOE (1973-present)
• Partido Comunista de los Pueblos de España (1984-present)(PCPE)
• Communist Party of Spain (Marxist-Leninist) (2006-present)
• Revolutionary Left (2017-present)
• Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) (2019-present)

Nationalist parties

• Democracia Nacional (1995-present)
• España 2000 (2002-present)
• Party for Freedom (Spain) (2013-present)

Illegal parties

• ANV (EAE - ANV)
• Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (Partido Comunista de las Tierras Vascas) PCTV - EHAK
• Euskal Herritarrok has been made illegal by the Spanish Supreme Court of Justice (Tribunal Supremo), which regards it as part of ETA, which is banned as a terrorist group
• Herri Batasuna/Batasuna (the political branch of ETA)

(* Note: Batasuna is legal in France; it is however an association and not a political party) Batasuna is in the list of terrorist organisations of US and EU.

• Herritarren Zerrenda
• Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (Spanish: Democracia Tres Millones; D3M; also called Demokrazia 3,000,000)
• Askatasuna (from the Basque word meaning freedom)

Defunct parties

Defunct major parties

• Radical Republican Party (1908-1936)
• Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas, the leading right-wing party of the Second Spanish Republic (1933-1937)
• Falange Española de las JONS (1937-1977)
• Partido Socialista Popular (1968-1978)
• Alianza Popular, refounded as Partido Popular (1976-1989)
• Partido Liberal, absorbed into the Partido Popular (1976-1989)
• Unión de Centro Democrático, refounded as Centro Democrático y Social (1977-1983) (also defunct) (merged into Partido Popular)
• Euskadiko Ezkerra, absorbed into Partido Socialista de Euskadi (1977-1993)
• Partido Demócrata Popular, absorbed into the Partido Popular (1982-1989)
• Partit Socialista de Mallorca, absorbed into PSM - Nationalist Agreement
• Partido Reformista Democrático
• Unió Valenciana

Defunct Nationalist parties

• National Alliance July 18 (1977)
• National Union (Spain) (1979-1982)
• Movimiento Social Republicano (1999-2018)

Defunct parties

• Republican Left (1934-1959) (Izquierda Republicana)
• Partido Andalucista (1965-2015)
• Partido Galeguista (1977-1984)
• Coalición Galega (1983-2012)
• Tierra Comunera - Partido nacionalista Castellano, Castilian nationalist party (1988-2009)
• Nós-Unidade Popular (2001-2015) (Us-People Unity)
• Unidad Cántabra (2002-2011)
• Unión del Pueblo Salmantino, Salamanca (2002-2014)
• Otra Democracia Es Posible (2003~2006)
• Frente Nacional (National Front) (2006-2011)

See also

• Politics of Spain
• List of political parties by country
• List of political parties in Catalonia
• Liberalism and radicalism in Spain
• List of registered political parties in Spain by geographic location

References