Bass Drums

Bongo Drums

Cowbells

Cymbals

Drums

Drum Sets

Electronic Drums

Membranophones

Pianos

Collection of percussion instruments

This is a wide-ranging, inclusive list of percussion instruments.

It includes:

• Instruments classified by Hornbostel-Sachs as struck or friction idiophones, struck or friction membranophones or struck chordophones. Where an instrument meets this definition but is often or traditionally excluded from the term percussion this is noted.
• Instruments commonly used as unpitched and/or untuned percussion.
• Instruments commonly part of the percussion section of a band or orchestra.

These three groups overlap heavily, but inclusion in any one is sufficient for an instrument to be included in this list. However, when only a specific subtype of the instrument qualifies as a percussion instrument, only that subtype is listed here. For example, a samba whistle (or apito) is an unpitched percussion instrument, but a whistle in general is not.

For brevity, synonyms represented in Wikipedia by redirects to a main article are not listed, but may be mentioned as a note. Only the main article names are listed in these cases. For example, apito is listed but samba whistle is merely noted as an alternate name. A distinct instrument or type represented only by a redirect to an article section should however be shown. Instruments represented only by redlinks have no Wikipedia articles as yet but are shown.

See list of percussion instruments by type for some shorter, more focused lists. Use the sorting arrows on the common usage column to group instruments as pitched, unpitched or both. Use the sorting arrows on the Classification column to group instruments according to their Hornbostel-Sachs classification.

 

 

Percussion instruments

Name(s)	Picture	Origin	Common usage Pitched /Unpitched /Both	Hornbostel-Sachs Classification	References and notes
Aburukuwa		Ghana	Unpitched	211 Membranophone
Acme siren		England	Unpitched	Aerophone
Afoxé		Brazil	Unpitched	112.122 Idiophone
Agogô		Yoruba	Unpitched	111.242 Idiophone	Commonly used in Samba.
Agung		Philippines	Unpitched	111.241.2 Idiophone
Agung a tamlang		Philippines		111.24 Idiophone
Alarm device			Both		May be electronic or mechanical
Alfaia		Brazil	Unpitched	211.212.1 Membranophone
Alligator drum		China	Unpitched	211.2 Membranophone
Angklung		Indonesia	Pitched	111.232 Idiophone	[1]
Anvil			Unpitched	111 Idiophone	A similar-sounding alternative is often used due to the weight of the blacksmith's anvil[2]
Apito		Brazil	Unpitched	421.221.11 Aerophone	Also known as samba whistle. Some apitos produce up to three different tones, but none of these is normally used as a pitched note.[3]
Ashiko		Yoruba	Unpitched	211.251.1 Membranophone
Atabaque		Brazil	Unpitched	211.221.1 Membranophone
Babendil		Philippines	Unpitched	111.242.1 Idiophone
Bak		Korea	Unpitched	111.12 Idiophone
Balafon		Mali	Pitched	111.212 Idiophone
Bamboula			Unpitched	211.212.1 Membranophone
Bara		West Africa	Unpitched	211.11 Membranophone
Bass drum			Unpitched	211.212.1 Membranophone
Batá drum		Nigeria	Unpitched	211.242.12 Membranophone
Beatboxing			Both	4 Aerophone
Bedug		Indonesia	Unpitched	211.212.1 Membranophone
Bell		China	Both	111.242 Idiophone
Bell plate		Asia	Pitched	111.222 Idiophone
Bell tree			Unpitched	111.242.221 Idiophone	Often confused with mark tree
Bendir		North Africa	Unpitched	211.311 Membranophone
Berimbau		Brazil	Pitched	Chordophone
Bianzhong		China	Pitched	Idiophone
Binzasara		Japan	Unpitched	Idiophone
Bo		China	Unpitched	Idiophone
Bock-a-da-bock			Unpitched	111.1 Idiophone
Bodhrán		Ireland	Unpitched	211.321 Membranophone
Body percussion			Unpitched	Membranophone
Bombo criollo			Unpitched	Membranophone	A family of Latin American drums derived from the European bass drum
Bonang	">Play media

IndonesiaPitched111.241.2 Idiophone 

Bones (instrument) Unpitched111.11 Idiophone Bongo drumCubaUnpitched211.251.2 Membranophone Boobam United StatesUnpitched211.211.1 Membranophone BoomwhackerUnited StatesPitchedIdiophonePlastic percussion tubesBougarabouWest AfricaUnpitched211.261.2 Membranophone Bubon UkraineUnpitched232.311 MembranophoneType of skinned TambourineBukKoreaUnpitched211.222.1 Membrarophone Cabasa Unpitched112.122 Idiophone Cajón PeruUnpitched111.24 IdiophoneBox DrumCajón de rumbaCubaUnpitched111.24 Idiophone CalungIndonesiaPitched111.232 Idiophone Carimbo AfricaUnpitchedMembranophone Candombe drumsUruguayUnpitchedMembranophone Cannon UnpitchedPyrophoneUsed in 1812 OvertureCantaro Mexico   CarillonBelgiumPitched111.242.2 IdiophoneA type of bell tower inner workings.Castanets Unpitched111.141 Idiophone CaxirolaBrazilUnpitchedIdiophone CaxixiWest AfricaUnpitched112.13African basket rattleCelestaFrancePitched111.222 IdiophoneAs a keyboard instrument, not part of the percussion section of the orchestra^[4]ChácarasCanary IslandsUnpitched111.141 Idiophone ChendaIndiaUnpitched211.212 Membranophone Chime bar Pitched111.221 Idiophone Chime (bell instrument) Pitched111.242.2 Idiophone China cymbal Unpitched111.24 Idiophone Cimbalom PitchedChordophone Clapper UnpitchedIdiophone Clapping UnpitchedIdiophone Clap stickAustraliaUnpitched111.11 Idiophone Clash cymbals Unpitched111.142 Idiophone Claves Unpitched111.11 Idiophone Clavichord Pitched314.122-4-8 ChordophoneSound formed by striking the strings, but played as a keyboard instrumentClay drum     Cocktail drum UnpitchedMembranophone CongaCubaUnpitched211.221.1 Membranophone Cowbell Both111.242 IdiophoneTuned cowbells are known as almglocken or alpine bells^[5]Crotale Both111.24 Idiophone Crystallophone PitchedIdiophone CuícaDisputedPitched231.11 Friction Membranophone Cup chime Pitched111.24 IdiophoneThe only pitched cymbal, it is identical to a bell cymbal in all but usageCymbal Unpitched111 Idiophone DabakanPhilippinesUnpitched211 Membranophone, although shape is variously described as goblet, hourglass, conical, or tubular. DafIranUnpitched211.311 MembranophoneAlso known as Dafli, Dap, Def, Tef, Defi, Gaval, Duf, and larger ones defi or daireDamaruSouth AsiaUnpitched212 MembranophoneType of Pellet drum.DamphuNepalUnpitchedMembranophone ?àn tam th?p l?c VietnamPitchedChordophoneType of hammered dulcimer.Davul Unpitched211.212 Membranophone DaxophoneGermanyPitched132.1 Friction IdiophoneBowed percussion invented by Hans ReichelDayerehIranUnpitched211.311 MembranophoneAlso known as doyra, dojra, dajre, doira, dajrejaDen-den daikoJapanUnpitched212 MembranophoneType of Pellet drum.Derkach UkraineUnpitched112.24 IdiophoneType of ratchettDhaa NepalUnpitched211.212 Membranophone Dhimay NepalUnpitched211.212 Membranophone DholakSouth AsiaBoth211.222.1 MembranophoneAlso known as dholki, similar to dohlDholIndiaBoth211.212.1 MembranophoneThe bass head is pitched, the treble often unpitched, see pitched percussion instruments easily mistaken for unpitchedDholak India Membranophone Dimdi IndiaUnpitched211.311 Membranophone DjembeMandinkaUnpitched211.261.1 Membranophone Dohol Middle EastBoth211.212.1 Membranophone DolluIndiaUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone ?ông S?n drumsVietnam  Bronze drumsDrum stick Unpitched111.11 Idiophone DununMandéBoth211.212.1 MembranophoneIn ballet style playing, a repeating melody is played on three pitched drumsEgg shaker Unpitched112.13 Idiophone EkweNigeriaUnitched111.24 IdiophoneA type of Slit drumElectronic drumEnglandBoth53 Electrophone Esterilla ColombiaUnpitchedIdiophone FerrinhoCape VerdeUnpitchedIdiophone Fiddlesticks  Chordophone Finger snapping

">Play media UnpitchedIdiophone Flexatone Unpitched112.12 Idiophone Flower drum ChinaUnpitchedIdiophone Fontomfrom Ghana Membranophone Found object     Frame drum Unpitched211.3 Membranophone Friction drum BothMembranophoneA drum where a stick or chord is drawn through a hole in the membrane to make a sound.Galgo KoreaUnpitched211.242.1 Membranophone GandinganPhilippinesUnpitched111.241.2 Idiophone GanzáBrazilUnpitched112.13 Gbedu YorubaUnpitchedMembranophone GendèrIndonesiaPitched111.222 Idiophone GeophoneFranceUnpitchedMembranophone GhatamIndiaUnpitchedIdiophone Glasschord    Glass harmonicaUnited StatesPitched133.2 IdiophoneSpecifically a friction IdiophoneGlass harpIrelandPitched133.2 IdiophoneSpecifically a friction IdiophoneGlockenspiel Pitched111.222 Idiophone Goblet drum Unpitched211.261 MembranophoneGeneric type by construction, see also individual instrument namesGoema South AfricaUnpitchedMembranophone GongChinaPitched111.241.1 Idiophone Gong bass drumJapanUnpitched211.311 Membranophone GonguêBrazilUnpitched111.242 Idiophone Gubguba India 32 Chordophone Gudugudu YorubaPitched211.11 Membranophone GüiraDominican RepublicUnpitched112.23 Idiophone Güiro Unpitched112.23 IdiophoneAlso known as scraperHammered dulcimer PitchedChordophoneListed as a stringed instrument in some classificationsHand bellEnglandBoth111.242 Idiophone Handchime Pitched111.231 Idiophone Hand-repiqueBrazilUnpitched211.211.1 Membranophone HangSwitzerlandPitched111.24 Idiophone Hi-hat Unpitched111.142 Idiophone HoshoZimbabweUnpitched112.13 Idiophone Huiringua    Type of slit drumHydraulophone    HyoshigiJapanUnpitched111.11 Idiophone Igba  UnpitchedMembranophone Ikembe

">Play mediaAfricaPitched122.1 IdiophoneLamellophoneIkoroNigeriaUnpitched111.24 Idiophone Ilimba ZimbabweUnpitched211.11 Membranophone Jam block Unpitched111.2 Idiophone Janggu / Janggo / ChanggoKoreaPitched211.242.1 Membranophone JawbonePeruUnpitched112.211 Idiophone Jew's harpChina?Pitched121.2 Lamellophone JhallariIndiaPitchedChordophone Jingle    JunjungSererUnpitchedMembranophone KakkoJapanUnpitched211.212.1 Membranophone KanjiraIndiaUnpitched211.311 Membranophone Karyenda    KeberoEast AfricaUnpitchedMembranophone KecerIndonesiaUnpitched111.142 Idiophone KemanakIndonesiaPitched111.24 Idiophone Kempyang and ketukIndonesia 111.241.1 Idiophone KendangSoutheast AsiaUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone KenongIndonesiaPitched111.241.2 Idiophone Kepyak IndonesiaUnpitched111 Idiophone Keyboard glockenspiel  Pitched111.222 IdiophoneA keyboard instrument, not normally part of a percussion sectionKhimSouth AsiaPitchedChordophoneType of hammered dulcimerKholIndiaUnpitchedMembranophone KirikoketaBasque Idiophone Kiringi     Kisanji

">Play mediaCongoPitchedLamellaphone Klong khaekThailandUnpitchedMembranophone Klong yao ThailandUnpitchedMembranophone KpanlogoGhanaUnpitched211.221.1 Membranophone KulintangSoutheast AsiaPitched111.241.2 Idiophone KunduPapuaUnpitched211.222.1 MembranophonePapuan musical instrumentKus Persia MembranophoneAncient Persian kettledrumLambegIrelandUnpitched211.212 Membranophone Lion's roar  Unpitched232.11 MembranophoneHas also been referred to as a Chordophone or a Friction drumLithophoneGlobalPitchedIdiophoneEither natural or placed rock formations which produce differing tones when struck.LujonUnited StatesPitched111.222 IdiophoneBass MetalophoneLummi stick Native AmericanUnpitched111.11 Idiophone MadalNepalUnpitchedMembranophone MaddaleIndiaUnpitched211.222 Membranophonre MadhalamIndiaUnpitchedMambranophone Maktoum  UnpitchedMembranophone Makuta CubaUnpitchedMembranophone Malimbe CongoPitched111.212 Idiophone Mangey Middle EastUnpitchedMembranophone MaracaLatin AmericaUnpitched112.13 Idiophone Maram (drum)India Membranophone Marching machine  Unpitched111.212 Idiophone^[6]Marfa     MarimbaGuatemalaPitched111.212 Idiophone MarímbulaCaribbeanPitched122.1 Idiophone Mark treeUnited StatesUnpitched111.232 IdiophoneAlso known as a chime tree or bar chimesMbiraAfricaPitched122.1 IdiophoneAfrican musical instrument, a type of plucked idiophone (lamellophone)MetallophoneAsiaPitched111.222 Idiophone Monkey stickEnglandUnpitched112.12 IdiophoneAlso known as mendoza or lagerphoneMridangamIndiaPitched211.222.1 Membranophone Musical saw Pitched132.1 Friction Idiophone MuyuJapanUnpitched111.24 Idiophone NagaraMiddle EastUnpitchedMembranophone NaqaraMongoliaUnpitchedMembranophoneLarge battle drumNaqarehMiddle EastUnpitchedMembranophone Naqus Morocco Idiophone Ngoma drumsAfricaUnpitchedMembranophone North DrumsUnited StatesUnpitchedMembranophone Ocean drum  Unpitched  OctobanJapanBoth211.211.1 Membranophone Omele Nigeria   OnavilluIndiaPitchedChordophone ?tsuzumiJapanPitched211.242.1 Membranophone Padayani thappuIndiaUnpitchedMembranophone PahuHawaiiUnpitchedMembranophone Pah? pounamuNew ZealandUnpitchedIdiophoneTraditional Maori gong.PaibanChinaUnpitched111.11 Idiophone Paila criolla CubaUnpitchedMembranophone PakhavajIndiaUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone PambaiIndiaUnpitchedMembranophone PandeiroBrazilUnpitched211.311 Membranophone Pandero jarocho MexicoUnpitched211.311 MembranophoneOctagonal TambourinePantalonEuropePitchedChordophoneA type of hammered dulcimer.Parsifal bell     Pat waing BurmaPitchedMembranophoneA circle of 21 drumsPellet drum Unpitched212 Membranophone PianoItalyPitchedChordophoneA keyboard instrument, not normally part of a percussion section but listed as percussion in some older classifications, and stringed in othersPixiphoneEnglandPitched111.212 Idiophone Practice pad

 Unpitched  PlasmaphoneUnited States   Pyrophone    Quadrangularis ReversumUnited StatesPitched111.212 Idiophone Quintephone    RainstickMexicoUnpitched112.13 IdiophoneSubclassed as a combination Shaken Idiophone and Individual friction vesselRakatak Ghana   Ranat ekThailandPitchedIdiophone Ranat ek lekThailandPitchedIdiophone Ranat thumThailandPitchedIdiophone Ranat thum lekThailandPitchedIdiophone Ratchet Unpitched112.24 Idiophone Rattle Unpitched112.13 Idiophone Ravanne MauritiasUnpitched  RepiqueBrazilUnpitched211.212.1 Membranophone Ring of bells PitchedIdiophone Ring-repique BrazilUnpitched211.212.1 Membranophone Ringing rocks  Idiophone RiqMiddle EastUnpitchedMembranophone Rock gong Both111.22 IdiophoneA type of constructed LithophoneRototomUnited StatesBoth211.311 Membranophoneclassified it as no handle although it is usually mountedSabarSenegalUnpitchedMembranophone Sakara YorubaUnpitchedMembranophone SalterioEuropePitchedChordophone SambalIndiaUnpitchedMembranophone Samphor CambodiaUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone Sand blocks Unpitched13 Idiophone SantoorSouth AsiaPitchedChordophone SanturIranPitchedChordophoneType of hammered dulcimer.SaronIndonesiaPitched111.222 IdiophoneSize from smallest to largest is Saron panerus, Saron barung,

Saron demung.

Semantron BothIdiophoneUsed to summon monastics to prayerShekereWest AfricaUnpitched112.122 Idiophone Shime-daikoJapanUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone Shishi-odoshiJapan   Sh?koJapanUnpitchedIdiophone Sikulu Congo   Silex Piano  PitchedIdiophoneLithophoneSinging bowlHimalayasPitched111.242.11 Idiophone Siren (alarm)ScotlandBothElectrophone SkrabalaiLithuaniaPitched111.242.222 Idiophone Skull   Idiophone Sleigh bells Unpitched112.112 IdiophoneJingle bellsSlenthemIndonesiaPitched111.222 Idiophone Slide whistle BothAerophone Slit drum Both111.24 Idiophone Snare drum Unpitched211.212.1 Membranophone Song bells PitchedIdiophone Sounding stoneChina Idiophone Spoon  Unpitched111.11 Idiophone Steel panTrinidad & TobagoPitched111.241.12 and 111.241.22 Idiophone^[7]Also known as steel drumStomp box Unpitched111.24 Idiophone Stone marimba PitchedIdiophoneLithophoneSuikinkutsuJapan   SurdoBrazilUnpitched211.212.1 Membranophone Suspended cymbal Unpitched111.24 Idiophone TablaIndiaPitched211.221.2 MembranophoneSee pitched percussion instruments easily mistaken for unpitchedTabla tarang IndiaPitchedMembranophone TaikoJapanUnpitched211 MembranophoneRefers to traditional Japanese drums in general.TalempongIndonesiaPitchedIdiophone Talking drumWest AfricaPitched211.242.11 MembranophoneHas a sound that mimics the human voiceTamboraDominican RepublicUnpitched211.212.1 Membranophone TamborimBrazilUnpitched211.311 Membranophone Tamborita calentana MexicoUnpitchedMembranophone Tambour UnpitchedMembranophone Tambourine Unpitched211.311 MembranophoneBut the headless tambourine is an idiophoneTan-tanBrazilUnpitched211.211.1 Membranophone Tap shoe Unpitched111.222 Idiophone TaphonThailandUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone Tar (drum)  UnpitchedMembranophone Tassa IndiaUnpitchedMembranophoneType of kettle drumTaxi Horn BothAerophone TbilatMoroccoUnpitchedMembranophone Temple blockEast AsiaBoth111.24 Idiophone^[5][8]Thappu

">Play mediaIndiaUnpitchedMembranophone ThavilIndiaUnpitched211.222.1 Membranophone Thunder machine (instrument)  Unpitched  Thunder sheet  Unpitched111.221 Idiophone TimbalBrazilUnpitched211.251.1 Membranophone TimbalesCubaUnpitched211.212.2 Membranophone Timpani Pitched211.12 MembranophoneAlso called kettle drumsTingshaTibetUnpitched111.142 Idiophone Tom-tom drum Pitched211.211.1 Membranophone TonbakIranUnpitched211.261.1 MembranophonePersian, also known as tombak, donbak and dombak, and as Tombakh Naar in KashmirTriangle Both111 Idiophone Triccaballacca ItalyUnpitchedIdiophone TsuzumiJapanPitched211.242.1 Membranophone Tsymbaly UkrainePitchedChordophoneType of hammer dulcimer.Tubular bells Pitched111.232 Idiophone Tumba  UnpitchedMembranophone Turntable Both53 Electrophone Tumdak'IndiaUnpitchedMembranophone Turkish crescent UnpitchedIdiophone TxalapartaBasquePitched111.222 Idiophone UduNigeriaUnpitchedIdiophoneAlso classed as an implosive Aerophone.VibraphoneUnited StatesPitched111.222 Idiophone VibraslapUnited StatesUnpitched112 Idiophone WashboardUnited StatesUnpitched132.1 Idiophone Whip Unpitched111.11 IdiophoneAlso known as slapstickWhistle UnpitchedAerophone Wind chime Unpitched111.232 IdiophoneBorderline as pitched or unpitched, as a melody can sometimes be perceivedWind machine Unpitched13 Idiophone Wobble board Australia   Wood block Unpitched111.24 Idiophone XylophoneDisputedPitched111.212 Idiophone Xylorimba Pitched111.212 Idiophone Yanggeum KoreaPitchedChordophoneType of hammered dulcimer.YangqinChinaPitchedChordophoneType of hammered dulcimer.Yuka CongoUnpitchedMembranophoneMade from a hollowed out avocado trunk with a leather membrane.ZabumbaBrazilUnpitched211.212.1 Membranophone Zatula UkraineUnpitched112.2 Idiophone Zill Unpitched111.142 IdiophoneAlso known as finger cymbal

See also

Top-level articles

• Percussion instrument
• List of percussion instruments by type
• Classification of percussion instruments

Subgroups of percussion instruments

• Membranophone
• Idiophone
• Melodic percussion instrument
• Mallet percussion
• Keyboard percussion

Categories

Only the more significant subcategories are shown

• Category:Percussion instruments
  • Category:Membranophones
    • Category:Drums
  • Category:Idiophones
    • Category:Cymbals
  • Category:Pitched percussion
  • Category:Percussion instruments by means of sound production
  • Category:Percussion instruments by playing technique
  • Category:Percussion instruments by tradition
  • Category:Percussion instruments by usage

References