List of Super Bowl Halftime Shows
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List of Super Bowl Halftime Shows
Lady Gaga standing atop a skeletal structure and singing, as red light is seen behind her.
Lady Gaga performing "Poker Face", after descending from the roof of the NRG Stadium in a harness at the Super Bowl LI halftime show, February 2017.

Halftime shows are a tradition during American football games at all levels of competition. Entertainment during the Super Bowl, the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), represents a fundamental link to pop culture, which helps broaden the television audience and nationwide interest.

Prior to the early 1990s, the halftime show featured university marching bands (the Grambling State University Marching Band has performed at the most Super Bowl halftime shows, featuring in six shows including at least one per decade from the 1960s to the 1990s), drill teams, and other performance ensembles such as Up with People. Beginning in 1991, the halftime show began to feature pop music acts such as New Kids on the Block and Gloria Estefan. In an effort to boost the prominence of the halftime show to increase viewer interest, Super Bowl XXVII featured a headlining performance by Michael Jackson. After Super Bowl XXXVIII, whose halftime show featured an incident where Justin Timberlake exposed one of Janet Jackson's breasts, the halftime show began to feature classic rock acts until the return of headlining pop musicians in 2011. Since 2013, Pepsi is the official sponsor of the halftime show.

Background

View of the halftime show at Super Bowl I

During most of the Super Bowl's first decade, the halftime show featured a college marching band. The show's second decade featured a more varied show, often featuring drill teams and other performance ensembles; the group Up with People produced and starred in four of the performances. The middle of the third decade, in an effort to counter other networks' efforts to counterprogram the game,[1] saw the introduction of popular music acts such as New Kids on the Block, Gloria Estefan, Michael Jackson, Clint Black, Patti LaBelle, and Tony Bennett. Starting with Super Bowl XXXII, commercial sponsors presented the halftime show; within five years, the tradition of having a theme--begun with Super Bowl III--ended, replaced by major music productions by arena rock bands and other high-profile acts. In the six years immediately following an incident at Super Bowl XXXVIII where Justin Timberlake exposed one of Janet Jackson's breasts in an alleged "wardrobe malfunction", all of the halftime shows consisted of a performance by one artist or group, with the musicians in that era primarily being rock artists from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. These shows were considered "family friendly" and the time in which they took place has been described as "the age of reactionary halftime shows".[2] Since Super Bowl XLV, the halftime show has returned to featuring popular contemporary musicians, with the typical format featuring a single headline artist collaborating with a small number of guest acts.

The NFL does not pay the halftime show performers an appearance fee, though it covers all expenses for the performers and their entourage of band members management, technical crew, security personnel, family, and friends.[3]Super Bowl XXVII halftime show with Michael Jackson provided an exception, as the NFL and Frito-Lay agreed to make a donation and provide commercial time for Jackson's Heal the World Foundation.[4][5][6] According to Nielsen SoundScan data, the halftime performers regularly experience significant spikes in weekly album sales and paid digital downloads due to the exposure.[7] For Super Bowl XLIX, it was reported by the Wall Street Journal that league officials asked representatives of potential acts if they would be willing to provide financial compensation to the NFL in exchange for their appearance, in the form of either an up-front fee, or a cut of revenue from concert performances made after the Super Bowl. While these reports were denied by an NFL spokeswoman, the request had, according to the Journal, received a "chilly" response from those involved.[8][9]

History

The following is a list of the performers, producers, themes, and sponsors for each Super Bowl game's show. This list does not include national anthem performers, which are listed in the article List of national anthem performers at the Super Bowl.

1960s

Super Bowl Show details
I
II
III

1970s

Super Bowl Show details
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII

1980s

Super Bowl Show details
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXI
XXII
XXIII

1990s

Super Bowl Show details
XXIV
XXV
XXVI
XXVII
XXVIII
XXIX
XXX
XXXI
XXXII
XXXIII

2000s

Super Bowl Show details
XXXIV
XXXV
XXXVI
XXXVII
XXXVIII
XXXIX
XL
XLI
XLII
XLIII

2010s

Super Bowl Show details
XLIV
XLV
XLVI
XLVII
XLVIII
XLIX
50
LI
LII
LIII

2020s

Super Bowl Show details
LIV
LV

Details on specific shows

Super Bowl XXXVI

U2 performed 3 songs: "Beautiful Day", "MLK", and "Where the Streets Have No Name". During the beginning of "MLK" and continuing until the end of "Where the Streets Have No Name", a large banner behind the band displayed the names of all the people who lost their lives on the September 11 attacks. Bono ended the song by opening up his jacket, the inside of which displayed the American flag.

Super Bowl XL

For The Rolling Stones, the stage was in the form of the group's iconic tongue logo (John Pasche's "Cunning Linguist" first used in 1971 on their Sticky Fingers album). It was the largest stage ever assembled for a Super Bowl halftime show, with 28 separate pieces assembled in five minutes by a 600-member volunteer stage crew. The group performed three songs: "Start Me Up", "Rough Justice", and "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". The show was viewed by 89.9 million people, more than the audiences for the Oscars, Grammys and Emmy Awards combined.[52] In the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy with Janet Jackson and Justin Timberlake, ABC and the NFL imposed a five-second delay and censored lyrics considered too sexually explicit in the first two songs by briefly turning off Mick Jagger's microphone--censoring to which the group had previously agreed.[53] However, the choice of The Rolling Stones sparked controversy in the Detroit community because the band did not represent the traditional Detroit "Motown Sound", and no artists from the area were included.[54]

See also

References

  1. ^ Florio, Mike (February 5, 2013). "If NFL doesn't put on a halftime show, someone else will". ProFootballTalk.com. Retrieved 2013.
  2. ^ http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/02/05/boobs-beyonce-brass-bands-the-evolution-of-the-super-bowl-halftime-show.html
  3. ^ Belson, Ken (February 2, 2010). "The Who, and the Super Bowl's Evolving Halftime Show". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010.
  4. ^ "Heal the Kids : Rebuilding: Michael Jackson announces a $1.25-million program to help children in riot-torn areas. Drug education, immunizations and mentor services will be provided". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2017.
  5. ^ Sandomir, Richard (June 30, 2009). "How Jackson Redefined the Super Bowl". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013.
  6. ^ Pabst, Georgia (1993-02-08). "Jackson's Foundation Aimed At Helping Children". The Seattle Times. Retrieved .
  7. ^ "The Nielsen Company's Guide To Super Bowl XLIII". The Arizona Republic. tvbythenumbers.com. January 26, 2009. Retrieved 2009.
  8. ^ Blistein, Jon (August 19, 2014). NFL Asks Musicians for Money to Play Super Bowl. Rolling Stone. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
  9. ^ "NFL to Coldplay: Pay to Play the Super Bowl". The Wall Street Journal. August 19, 2014. Retrieved 2014.
  10. ^ [youtube.com/watch?v=h8TxizeSzAU]
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar "Super Bowl History - Entertainment". National Football League. 2011. Retrieved 2011.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Krasnow, Lonny. "Top 10 Super Bowl Halftime Shows". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on December 27, 2011. Retrieved 2011.
  13. ^ a b c "GSU Tiger Marching Band". History of Tiger Marching Band. Grambling State University. Archived from the original on July 14, 2013. Retrieved 2011.
  14. ^ "Golden Eagles Marching Band". Southeast Missouri State University. Retrieved 2011.
  15. ^ Davis, Sherman (January 23, 1972). "Al and Ella were Good". The New York Times.
  16. ^ "Michigan Band Super Bowl VII halftime 1973 Remaster Part 1 of 2". Retrieved 2018 – via YouTube.
  17. ^ "Michigan Band Super Bowl VII halftime 1973 Remaster Part 2 of 2". Retrieved 2018 – via YouTube.
  18. ^ a b c d "History of Up with People". UpWithPeople.org. Archived from the original on February 17, 2014. Retrieved 2011.
  19. ^ J. Knapfel. "How an Elvis Impersonator Helped Change Super Bowl History". VIPTickets.com. Retrieved 2016.
  20. ^ Andrews, Travis M. (February 2, 2018). "From Elvis Presto to Michael Jackson: How the Super Bowl halftime show found its groove". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2018.
  21. ^ "HowStuffWorks '17 Notable Super Bowl Halftime Shows'". Entertainment.howstuffworks.com. September 15, 2007. Retrieved 2013.
  22. ^ Johnson, Tina; Basham, David (January 6, 2000). "Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias, Toni Braxton To Play Super Bowl Halftime". MTV. Retrieved 2013.
  23. ^ "Super Bowl XXXVIII Halftime Show - Decalz - BMW of TX (vodpod) | Lockerz". vodpod. Archived from the original on February 22, 2012. Retrieved 2013.
  24. ^ Holmes, Dave (2 February 2018). "Revisiting the Justin Timberlake-Janet Jackson Wardrobe Malfunction, Minute by Minute". Esquire. Retrieved 2020.
  25. ^ "Halftime gig 'dream come true' for Black Eyed Peas". Billboard. Associated Press. February 4, 2011. Retrieved 2018.
  26. ^ a b c "Aquí está el setlist de la Super Bowl de Madonna". cromosomax.com.
  27. ^ Madonna to perform at halftime of Super Bowl. Associated Press. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  28. ^ Nicki Minaj To Perform During Super Bowl With M.I.A & Madonna. Yahoo! News. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  29. ^ "M.I.A." Billboard.
  30. ^ [1]
  31. ^ a b "Super Bowl 47 Halftime Show". National Football League.
  32. ^ "Red Hot Chili Peppers will perform at Super Bowl halftime show" (Press release). National Football League. January 11, 2014. Retrieved 2014.
  33. ^ Iyengar, Rishi (October 9, 2014). "Katy Perry Will Play Next Year's Super Bowl Halftime Show". Time. Retrieved 2014.
  34. ^ "Katy Perry to headline Pepsi Super Bowl XLIX Halftime show" (Press release). National Football League. November 23, 2014. Retrieved 2014.
  35. ^ Vena, Jocelyn (January 10, 2015). "Who Will Join Katy Perry During Her Super Bowl Halftime Performance?". Billboard. Retrieved 2015.
  36. ^ "Coldplay will perform at Pepsi Super Bowl 50 Halftime Show" (Press release). National Football League. December 3, 2015. Retrieved 2015.
  37. ^ Coscarelli, Joe (December 3, 2015). "Coldplay Will Play Super Bowl 50 Halftime Show". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015.
  38. ^ Shotgun Spratling (January 8, 2016). "Beyoncé to perform at Super Bowl 50 halftime show". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2016.
  39. ^ Ng, Davig (January 28, 2016). "Gustavo Dudamel and Youth Orchestra L.A. to perform at Super Bowl 50 halftime show". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2016.
  40. ^ "Bruno Mars to join Beyoncé in Super Bowl halftime show". Entertainment Weekly. February 5, 2016. Retrieved 2016.
  41. ^ "Watch Coldplay, Beyonce and Bruno Mars Rock Super Bowl 50 Halftime". Rolling Stone.
  42. ^ "Lady Gaga headlines Pepsi Zero Sugar Super Bowl LI Halftime Show". National Football League. September 29, 2016. Retrieved 2016.
  43. ^ "Here is Lady Gaga's complete Super Bowl setlist". Sports Illustrated. February 5, 2017. Retrieved 2017.
  44. ^ "Justin Timberlake headlines Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show" (Press release). National Football League. October 23, 2017. Retrieved 2017.
  45. ^ Minsker, Evan (October 23, 2017). "Justin Timberlake to Perform at 2018 Super Bowl Halftime Show". Pitchfork. Retrieved 2017.
  46. ^ Bieler, Des (October 22, 2017). "NFL confirms Justin Timberlake as Super Bowl halftime performer". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2017.
  47. ^ Runtagh, Jordan (February 1, 2018). "Justin Timberlake Shuts Down Janet Jackson Reunion Rumors at Super Bowl LII Press Conference". People. Retrieved 2018.
  48. ^ "U Of M Marching Band Plays Halftime Show With Justin Timberlake". 2018-02-04. Retrieved .
  49. ^ a b "Jennifer Lopez And Shakira Headlining 2020 Super Bowl Halftime Show". Fort Lauderdale Daily. Retrieved .
  50. ^ a b Baysinger, Tim (2019-09-26). "Jennifer Lopez, Shakira, J Balvin and Bad Bunny to Headline Super Bowl LIV Halftime Show". TheWrap. Retrieved .
  51. ^ a b "Emme Maribel Muñiz: Jennifer Lopez's daughter joins her on-stage at the Super Bowl". Harper's BAZAAR. 2020-02-03. Retrieved .
  52. ^ Unknown. "The Rolling Stones Super Bowl XL halftime show"; February 6, 2006, Don Mischer 8 Productions. Retrieved May 24, 2008. Archived March 9, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  53. ^ "Stones Decry 'Ridiculous' Super Bowl Censorship". Billboard. February 7, 2006.
  54. ^ McGraw, Bill. "JOURNAL: No R-E-S-P-E-C-T for Motown halftime"; December 1, 2005, Detroit Free Press. Retrieved July 3, 2006.

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