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Full name
	Francisco de Asís María Fernando de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias

Francisco de Asís
Francisco de Asís
	Duke of Cádiz
	Photograph by Herbert, c 1860
King consort of Spain
Tenure
Born	13 May 1822; Royal Palace of Aranjuez, Aranjuez, Kingdom of Spain
Died	17 April 1902 (aged 79); Épinay-sur-Seine, Paris, French Third Republic
Burial	El Escorial
Spouse	Isabella II of Spain (m. 1846)
Issue	Infanta Isabel; Alfonso XII; Infanta Pilar; Infanta Paz; Infanta Eulalia;
Full name
	Francisco de Asís María Fernando de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias
House	Bourbon
Father	Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain
Mother	Princess Luisa Carlotta of the Two Sicilies
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz (Francisco de Asís María Fernando de Borbón; 13 May 1822 - 17 April 1902), sometimes anglicised Francis of Assisi, was king consort of Spain as the husband of Queen Isabella II.

Family

Francis was born at Aranjuez, Spain, the second son (first to survive infancy) of Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain, and of his wife (and niece), Princess Luisa Carlotta of the Two Sicilies. He was named after Saint Francis of Assisi.

Marriage and children

Francis married Isabella, his double first cousin, on 10 October 1846. There is evidence that Isabella would rather have married his younger brother, Infante Enrique, Duke of Seville, and complained bitterly about her husband's effeminate habits after their first night together.

Twelve children were born during the marriage,^[] of whom five reached adulthood:

Infanta María Isabel (1851-1931): married her mother's and father's first cousin Prince Gaetan, Count of Girgenti.
Alfonso XII of Spain (1857-1885).
Infanta María del Pilar (1861-1879).
Infanta María de la Paz (1862-1946): married her paternal first cousin Prince Louis Ferdinand of Bavaria.
Infanta María Eulalia (1864-1958): married her maternal first cousin Don Antonio de Orléans y Borbón, Infante of Spain, Duke of Galliera.

There has been considerable speculation that some or all of Isabella's children were not fathered by Francisco de Asís; this has been bolstered by rumours that Francis was either homosexual or impotent.

Later life

Starting in 1864, Francisco de Asís acted as president of the Spanish Privy Council (Consejo del Reino).

In 1868 he went into exile with his wife in France and adopted the incognito title of Count of Moratalla. On 25 June 1870, Isabella abdicated in favour of their son, Alfonso XII--whom the 1874 restoration placed on the throne. By then, Francisco de Asís and Isabella had amicably separated and, with time, became good friends.

In 1881 Francisco de Asís took up residence at the château of Épinay-sur-Seine (currently the city hall). He died there in 1902. His wife Isabella and two of his daughters, Isabel and Eulalia, were present at his deathbed.^[1]

Titles, styles and honours

Coat of arms of King Francisco de Asís

Titles and styles

13 May 1822 - 28 December 1823: The Most Excellent Lord The Duke of Cádiz
28 December 1823 - 10 October 1846: His Royal Highness The Most Serene Lord Infante Francisco de Asís The Duke of Cádiz
10 October 1846 - 25 June 1870: His Majesty The King
25 June 1870 - 17 April 1902: His Majesty King Francisco de Asís

Honours

Spain:
- Knight of the Golden Fleece, 14 May 1822^[2]^[3]
- Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III, 14 May 1822^[4]
- Grand Cross of Isabella the Catholic, 27 January 1824^[5]^[6]
Two Sicilies:
- Knight of St. Januarius^[7]
- Grand Cross of St. Ferdinand and Merit^[8]
Kingdom of Sardinia:
- Knight of the Annunciation, 6 August 1849^[9]
- Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, 1849
Duchy of Parma: Senator Grand Cross of the Constantinian Order of St. George, with Collar, 1853^[10]
Kingdom of Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1852^[11]
Kingdom of Prussia: Knight of the Black Eagle, with Collar^[12]
Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1853^[13]
Monaco: Grand Cross of St. Charles, 7 September 1865^[14]
Sweden-Norway: Knight of the Seraphim, with Collar, 3 May 1853^[15]
Baden:^[16]
- Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1866
- Grand Cross of the Zähringer Lion, 1866
Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1866^[17]
Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 4 September 1860^[18]
Kingdom of Hanover:^[19]
- Knight of St. George, 1865
- Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order
Austrian Empire: Grand Cross of St. Stephen, 1861^[20]
Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 21 May 1848^[21]
Kingdom of France: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, October 1846^[22]

Ancestry

Ancestors of Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz

8. Charles III of Spain^[25]

4. Charles IV of Spain^[23] (= 14)

9. Maria Amalia of Saxony^[25]

2. Francisco de Paula of Spain

10. Philip, Duke of Parma^[26]

5. Maria Luisa of Parma^[23] (= 15)

11. Louise Élisabeth of France^[26]

1. Francisco de Asís of Spain

12. Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies^[27]

6. Francis I of the Two Sicilies^[24]

13. Maria Carolina of Austria^[27]

3. Luisa Carlotta of the Two Sicilies

14. Charles IV of Spain^[28] (= 4)

7. Maria Isabella of Spain^[24]

15. Maria Luisa of Parma^[28] (= 5)

References

^ "Don Francisco d'Assisi", The Times (18 April 1902): 9.
^ Kalendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid (in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1834. Retrieved .
^ Nacional (Madrid), Imprenta (1866). Guía de forasteros en Madrid [para el año de 1866] (in Spanish). En la Imprenta Nacional. Retrieved .
^ Kalendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid (in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1826. Retrieved .
^ Nacional (Madrid), Imprenta (1866). "Guía de forasteros en Madrid [para el año de 1866]" (in Spanish). En la Imprenta Nacional. Retrieved .
^ "Kalendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid" (in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1826. Retrieved .
^ "Biblioteca ICAR - Almanacco Reale del Regno delle Due Sicilie per l'anno 1855". www.icar.beniculturali.it. Retrieved .
^ (Stato), Napoli (1841). Almanacco reale del Regno delle Due Sicilie: per l'anno .... 1841 (in Italian). Stamp. Reale. Retrieved .
^ Cibrario, Luigi (1869). Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri (in Italian). Eredi Botta. p. 112. Retrieved .
^ Almanacco di corte (in Italian). 1858. Retrieved .
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German). Königl. Oberpostamt. 1867. p. 10. Retrieved .
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Preußen (1886-87), "Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 39
^ Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1867) (in German), "Königliche Ritter-Orden", p. 4
^ Journal de Monaco
^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1864, p. 422, retrieved – via runeberg.org
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1868), "Großherzogliche Orden" pp. 51, 61
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 27
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 11
^ Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865. Berenberg. pp. 38, 73.
^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
^ Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559-2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 470. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
^ M. & B. Wattel. (2009). Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers. Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 448. ISBN 978-2-35077-135-9.
^ ^a ^b Calvo Maturana, Antonio Juan. "Francisco de Paula Antonio María de Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.
^ ^a ^b Mateos Sáinz de Medrano, Ricardo. "Luisa Carlota de Borbón y Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.
^ ^a ^b Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.
^ ^a ^b Genealogie ascendate, p. 96
^ ^a ^b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Francis I. of the Two Sicilies" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ ^a ^b Navarrete Martínez, Esperanza Navarrete Martínez. "María de la O Isabel de Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.

Bibliography

Bergamini, John D. The Spanish Bourbons: The History of a Tenacious Dynasty. New York: Putnam, 1974. ISBN 0-399-11365-7

Spanish royalty
Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz House of Bourbon Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty Born: 13 May 1822 Died: 17 April 1902
Vacant Title last held by Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies as queen consort	King consort of Spain 10 October 1846 - 30 September 1868	Vacant Bourbon dynasty deposed Title next held by Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo as queen consort
Titles in pretence
Loss of title Spanish Glorious Revolution	-- TITULAR -- King consort of Spain 30 September 1868 – 25 June 1870	Vacant Title next held by Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg as queen consort

[1] "Don Francisco d'Assisi", The Times (18 April 1902): 9.

[2] Kalendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid (in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1834. Retrieved .

[3] Nacional (Madrid), Imprenta (1866). Guía de forasteros en Madrid [para el año de 1866] (in Spanish). En la Imprenta Nacional. Retrieved .

[4] Kalendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid (in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1826. Retrieved .

[5] Nacional (Madrid), Imprenta (1866). "Guía de forasteros en Madrid [para el año de 1866]" (in Spanish). En la Imprenta Nacional. Retrieved .

[6] "Kalendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid" (in Spanish). Imprenta Real. 1826. Retrieved .

[7] "Biblioteca ICAR - Almanacco Reale del Regno delle Due Sicilie per l'anno 1855". www.icar.beniculturali.it. Retrieved .

[8] (Stato), Napoli (1841). Almanacco reale del Regno delle Due Sicilie: per l'anno .... 1841 (in Italian). Stamp. Reale. Retrieved .

[9] Cibrario, Luigi (1869). Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri (in Italian). Eredi Botta. p. 112. Retrieved .

[10] Almanacco di corte (in Italian). 1858. Retrieved .

[11] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German). Königl. Oberpostamt. 1867. p. 10. Retrieved .

[12] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Preußen (1886-87), "Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 39

[13] Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1867) (in German), "Königliche Ritter-Orden", p. 4

[14] Journal de Monaco

[15] Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1864, p. 422, retrieved – via runeberg.org

[16] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1868), "Großherzogliche Orden" pp. 51, 61

[17] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 27

[18] Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 11

[Hannover1865-19] Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865. Berenberg. pp. 38, 73.

[20] "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine

[21] Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559-2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 470. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.

[22] M. & B. Wattel. (2009). Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers. Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 448. ISBN 978-2-35077-135-9.

[DBE-Francisco-23] Calvo Maturana, Antonio Juan. "Francisco de Paula Antonio María de Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.

[DBE-Luisa_Carlota-24] Mateos Sáinz de Medrano, Ricardo. "Luisa Carlota de Borbón y Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.

[Genealogie9-25] Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.

[Genealogie96-26] Genealogie ascendate, p. 96

[EB1911-Francis_I-27] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Francis I. of the Two Sicilies" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

[DBE-Maria_Isabel-28] Navarrete Martínez, Esperanza Navarrete Martínez. "María de la O Isabel de Borbón". Diccionario biográfico España (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.

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