Translingual

Alternative forms

• (Roman numeral one): I, i, i
• ("Cardinal number read ordinal", i.e. ordinal): I.

Letter

I (lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

I (lower case ?)

1. The letter i without a dot above, in both the upper case and the lower case versions.

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sss  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter I):  Íí  Ìì  ??  Îî  ??  Ïï  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ?  ?   ?i   I?  ?  Ii  fi  ffi  IJij  IJij
• (Letters using dot sign):  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  Ii  ?i  I?  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ?  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??  ??

Symbol

I

1. (chemistry) Symbol for iodine.
2. (physics) Isotopic spin.
3. (license plate codes) Italy
4. (physics, electronics) Electrical current.
5. (physics, kinematics) moment of inertia.
6. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for isoleucine
7. (mathematics, linear algebra) identity matrix
8. (mathematical analysis, topology) the (closed) unit interval; [0, 1]
9. (inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 1
10. (music) major tonic triad

Numeral

I (upper case Roman numeral, lower case i)

1. cardinal number one.
2. (especially in the names of aristocracy) the first.

See also

• Next: II (2)

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 

  Normal and italic I

• 

  Uppercase and lowercase I in Fraktur

See also

Other representations of I:

References

• "I" in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ->ISBN.
• "I" in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995-present.

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English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /a?/
• (Southern American English) IPA^(key): /a:/
• (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /?e/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a?
• Homophones: eye, aye, ay

Etymology 1

From Middle English I (also ik, ich), from Old English ih (also ic, i ("I")), from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek ("I"), from Proto-Indo-European *é?h? ("I"). Cognate with Scots I, ik, A ("I"), Saterland Frisian iek ("I"), West Frisian ik ("I"), Dutch ik ("I"), Low German ik ("I"), German ich ("I"), Bavarian i ("I"), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål jeg ("I"), Norwegian Nynorsk eg ("I"), Swedish jag ("I"), Icelandic ég, eg ("I"), Latin ego ("I"), Ancient Greek (eg?, "I"), Russian ? (ja, "I"), Lithuanian a? ("I"), Armenian (es, "I"). See also English ich.

Pronoun

I (first person singular subject personal pronoun, objective me, possessive my, possessive pronoun mine, reflexive myself)

1. The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical subject, of a sentence.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.ii:

     It ill beseemes a knight of gentle sort, / Such as ye haue him boasted, to beguile / A simple mayd, and worke so haynous tort, / In shame of knighthood, as I largely can report.

   • 1854, Gustave Chouquet, Easy Conversations in French‎^[1], page 9:

     Here I am, sir.

   Audio

   (file)

   • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     I know I have a pen, though...

     Audio (US)

     (file)

2. (nonstandard, hypercorrection) The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical object, of a sentence.

   Mom drove my sister and I to school.

Usage notes

• The word I is always capitalised in written English. Other forms of the pronoun, such as me and my, follow regular English capitalisation rules.
• I is the subject (nominative) form, as opposed to me, which is the objective (accusative and dative) form. Me is also used emphatically, like French moi. In some cases there are differing views about which is preferred. For example, the traditional rule followed by some speakers is to use I as the complement of the copula (It is I), but it is now more usual to choose me in this context (It's me).
• When used in lists, it is often thought more polite to refer to self last. Thus it is more natural to say John and I than I and John. In such lists, we generally use the same case form which we would choose if there were only one pronoun; since we say I am happy, we say John and I are happy, but we say Jenny saw me, so we say Jenny saw John and me. However, colloquially one might hear John and me are happy, which is traditionally seen as a case error. As a hypercorrected reaction to this, one can occasionally hear phrases like Jenny saw John and I.

Synonyms

• ich, ch
• (vulgar, slang) my ass, m'ass
• muggins, yours truly

Derived terms

• lyrical I

Translations

See I/translations § Pronoun.

See also

Noun

I (uncountable)

1. (metaphysics) The ego.

Derived terms

• I-hood
• I-ness
• I-ship

Etymology 2

• Old French i, from Latin ?, from Etruscan I (i).

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i, plural Is or I's)

1. The ninth letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Number

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ordinal number ninth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 3

Abbreviation.

Noun

I (countable and uncountable, plural Is)

1. (US, roadway) Interstate.
2. (grammar) Abbreviation of instrumental case.

Etymology 4

Interjection

I

1. Obsolete spelling of aye.

References

• "I" in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ->ISBN.
• "I" in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995-present.
• "I" in WordNet 2.0, Princeton University, 2003.

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Afar

Letter

I (lowercase i)

1. The ninth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, T t, S s, E e, C c, K k, X x, I i, D d, Q q, R r, F f, G g, O o, L l, M m, N n, U u, W w, H h, Y y

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American Sign Language

Letter

(transliteration needed) (Stokoe I)

1. The letter I

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Azerbaijani

Letter

I upper case (lower case ?)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) h?rf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, ? ?, F f, G g, ? ?, H h, X x, I ?, ? i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, ? ?, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

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Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse ír, variant of ér, from Proto-Germanic *j?z, from Proto-Indo-European *y.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]
• Homophone: i
• Rhymes: -i

Pronoun

I (objective jer, possessive jeres)

1. (personal) you, you all (second person plural)

   I må ikke gå derind!

   You can't go in there!

   • 2014, Diverse forfattere, Fire uger blev til fire år - og andre beretninger, Lindhardt og Ringhof ->ISBN

     Og så er der forresten lidt mere med det samme: I må love os een ting. mor og far, I må ikke efterligne os unge! -- For gør I det, ja, så kommer I til at se så morsomme ud. -- I må ikke prøve på at løbe fra jeres alder, for det kan I alligevel ikke.

     And by the way, there's something else: You must promise us one thing, mum and dad, you may not imitate us young! -- For if you do, you will look so funny. -- you may not try to run way from your age, for you can't do that anyway.

   • 1981, Mogens Wolstrup, Vild hyben: danske forfattere skriver om jalousi

     Men det er ikke jeres skyld, siger Ditte. I er unge og kloge. I er grimme og fantastisk smukke. I har modet! I er på rette vej med jeres show. Jeg føler med jeres oprør, og måske derfor kunne jeg ikke klare mere. Jeres hud er glat, I er startet i tide.

     But it is not your fault, Ditte says. You are young and intelligent. You are ugly and amazingly beautiful. You have the courage! You are on the right path with your show. I feel with your rebellion, and perhaps for that reason, I couldn't take any more. Your skin is smooth, you started in time.

   • 2011, Per Ullidtz, Absalons Europa, BoD - Books on Demand ->ISBN, page 229

     Og lidt senere "I har hørt at det er sagt: øje for øje og tand for tand. Men jeg siger jer, at I må ikke sætte jer imod det onde; men dersom nogen giver dig et slag på din højre kind, da vend ham også den anden til! ...

     And a little later "you have heard it said: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. But I say to you, you may not resist evil; but if anyone hits you on the right cheek, turn the other towards [whoever hit you]! ...

See also

References

• "I,4" in Den Danske Ordbog

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /i/

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

I (capital, lowercase i)

1. The ninth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also

• Previous letter: H
• Next letter: J

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Esperanto

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The twelfth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, ? ?, D d, E e, F f, G g, ? ?, H h, ? ?, I i, J j, ? ?, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, ? ?, T t, U u, ? ?, V v, Z z

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Estonian

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, ? ?, Z z, ? ?, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

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Finnish

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (? ?), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (? ?), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

Noun

I

1. Abbreviation of improbatur.

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German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?i:/

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the German alphabet.

Related terms

• I longa f

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Ido

Letter

I (lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Italian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme; name of letter) IPA^(key): /i/
• (phoneme, when followed by a vowel in the same syllable) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

I m or f (invariable lower case, i)

1. The ninth letter of the Italian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) lettera; A a (À à), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Πî, J j, K k), L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v (W w, X x, Y y), Z z
• Italian alphabet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

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Japanese

Romanization

I

1. R?maji transcription of ?

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Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. M?lenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, ??, Bb, Cc, ??, Dd, Ee, ??, Ff, Gg, ??, Hh, Ii, ??, Jj, Kk, ??, Ll, ??, Mm, Nn, ??, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, ??, Tt, Uu, ??, Vv, Zz, ??

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Malay

Pronunciation

• (Name of letter) IPA^(key): [ai?]
• (Phoneme) IPA^(key): [i]
• (Phoneme, Closed ultima) IPA^(key): [e]

Letter

I

1. The ninth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• ich, iche, icche, i, j, hi, hij, jch, hich, hic, ic, ick, ih, ig, ik, ike, ihc, ichc, ichs, ics, a, y

Etymology

From Old English i?, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?. More at English I.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i:/
• (unstressed) IPA^(key): /i/

Pronoun

I (accusative me, genitive min, genitive determiner mi, min)

1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Descendants

• English: I, ik (obsolete), ich (obsolete)
• Scots: A, I, ik (rare)

References

• "ich (pron.)" in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-05.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i:/

Pronoun

I

1. (dialectal) I: a first-person singular personal pronoun
2. (rare, archaic) ye: a second-person plural nominative pronoun

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Portuguese

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/

Letter

I (lowercase i)

1. The eleventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Generally represents the phoneme /i/. Preceded by H and followed by Î.
• Before vowels, this letter usually takes on the sound of /j/

  ianuarie /ja.nu'a.ri.e/

• At the ends of words (except verb infinitives, and those ending in a consonant cluster ending in l or r), the letter palatalizes the previous syllable and is "whispered": /?/

  b?ie?i /b?'jets?/

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Saanich

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/

Letter

I

1. The eleventh letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A, Á, ?, B, C, ?, ?, D, E, H, I, Í, J, K, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, L, ?, M, N, ?, O, P, Q, S, ?, T, ?, ?, ?, U, W, W?, X, X?, Y, Z, s, ,

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Scots

Etymology 1

From Old English i?, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?.

Pronoun

I (first person singular, emphatic I)

1. I

Synonyms

• A
• ik

See also

• mei
• ma
• mine

Etymology 2

Letter

I

1. The ninth letter of the Scots alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, ? ?

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Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /i/, /j/

Letter

I (lower case i)

1. The sixteenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, D d, ? ?, E e, F f, G g, ? ?, ? ?, H h, I i, J j, K k, ? ?, L l, M m, N n, ? ?, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, ? ?, T t, U u, V v, Z z, ? ?, Å å, Ä ä, ?

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Slovene

Pronunciation

Letter

I (capital, lowercase i)

1. The 10th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by H and followed by J.

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Somali

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /?/, /i/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): //

Letter

I upper case (lower case i)

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Somali alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by E and followed by O.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) ', B b, T t, J j, X x, Kh kh, D d, R r, S s, Sh sh, Dh dh, C c, G g, F f, Q q, K k, L l, M m, N n, W w, H h, Y y, A a, E e, I i, O o, U u

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Spanish

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Spanish alphabet.

Adjective

I

1. Abbreviation of ilustre.

   La I municipalidad de Valparaíso.

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Swedish

Alternative forms

• J, j

Etymology

From Old Swedish ?, ?r, from Old Norse ír, variant of ér, from Proto-Germanic *j?z, variant of *j?z, from Proto-Indo-European *y.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -i:

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Swedish alphabet.

Pronoun

I (personal pronoun)

1. (archaic) you (second-person plural nominative)

Synonyms

• ni

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Turkish

Letter

I (upper case, lower case ?)

1. The eleventh letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ? and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, ? ?, H h, I ?, ? i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, ? ?, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

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Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [?i], [?i ?an]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [j], [j ?a?]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [j], [j ?a]
• Phonetic: i, i ng?n

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The twelfth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called i or i ng?n and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Qu?c ng? letters) ch? cái; A a (À à, ? ?, àã, Á á, ? ?), ? ? (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?),  â (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, ? ?, E e (È è, ? ?, ? ?, É é, ? ?), Ê ê (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, ? ?, ? ?, Í í, ? ?), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, ? ?, Õ õ, Ó ó, ? ?), Ô ô (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?), ? ? (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, ? ?, ? ?, Ú ú, ? ?), ? ? (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?, ? ?), V v, X x, Y y (? ?, ? ?, ? ?, Ý ý, ? ?)

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Zulu

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

1. The ninth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z