I
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I
See also: Appendix:Variations of "i"
LetterI.svg
I U+0049, I
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
H
[U+0048] 		Basic Latin J ->
[U+004A]
U+2160.svg
Ⅰ U+2160, Ⅰ
ROMAN NUMERAL ONE
⅟
[U+215F] 		Number Forms Ⅱ ->
[U+2161]
Ｉ U+FF29, Ｉ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
Ｈ
[U+FF28] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｊ ->
[U+FF2A]

Translingual

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

  • (Roman numeral one): I, i, i
  • ("Cardinal number read ordinal", i.e. ordinal): I.

Etymology

From the Etruscan letter ? (i, "i"), from the Ancient Greek letter ? (I, "iota"), derived from the Phoenician letter ?‎ (y, "yod"), from the Egyptian hieroglyph ?.

Letter

I (lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

I (lower case ?)

  1. The letter i without a dot above, in both the upper case and the lower case versions.

See also

Symbol

I

  1. (chemistry) Symbol for iodine.
  2. (physics) Isotopic spin.
  3. (license plate codes) Italy
  4. (physics, electronics) Electrical current.
  5. (physics, kinematics) moment of inertia.
  6. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for isoleucine
  7. (mathematics, linear algebra) identity matrix
  8. (mathematical analysis, topology) the (closed) unit interval; [0, 1]
  9. (inorganic chemistry) Specifying an oxidation state of 1
  10. (music) major tonic triad

Numeral

I (upper case Roman numeral, lower case i)

  1. cardinal number one.
  2. (especially in the names of aristocracy) the first.

See also

Gallery

  • Letter styles

  • Normal and italic I

  • Uppercase and lowercase I in Fraktur

See also

Other representations of I:

References

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle English I (also ik, ich), from Old English ih (also ic, i ("I")), from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek ("I"), from Proto-Indo-European *é?h? ("I"). Cognate with Scots I, ik, A ("I"), Saterland Frisian iek ("I"), West Frisian ik ("I"), Dutch ik ("I"), Low German ik ("I"), German ich ("I"), Bavarian i ("I"), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål jeg ("I"), Norwegian Nynorsk eg ("I"), Swedish jag ("I"), Icelandic ég, eg ("I"), Latin ego ("I"), Ancient Greek (eg?, "I"), Russian ? (ja, "I"), Lithuanian a? ("I"), Armenian (es, "I"). See also English ich.

Pronoun

I (first person singular subject personal pronoun, objective me, possessive my, possessive pronoun mine, reflexive myself)

  1. The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical subject, of a sentence.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.ii:
      It ill beseemes a knight of gentle sort, / Such as ye haue him boasted, to beguile / A simple mayd, and worke so haynous tort, / In shame of knighthood, as I largely can report.
    • 1854, Gustave Chouquet, Easy Conversations in French‎[1], page 9:
      Here I am, sir.
    Audio
    		(file)
  2. (nonstandard) The speaker or writer, referred to as the grammatical object, of a sentence.
    Mom drove my sister and I to school.
Usage notes
  • The word I is always capitalised in written English. Other forms of the pronoun, such as me and my, follow regular English capitalisation rules.
  • I is the subject (nominative) form, as opposed to me, which is the objective (accusative and dative) form. Me is also used emphatically, like French moi. In some cases there are differing views about which is preferred. For example, the traditional rule followed by some speakers is to use I as the complement of the copula (It is I), but it is now more usual to choose me in this context (It's me).
  • When used in lists, it is often thought more polite to refer to self last. Thus it is more natural to say John and I than I and John. In such lists, we generally use the same case form which we would choose if there were only one pronoun; since we say I am happy, we say John and I are happy, but we say Jenny saw me, so we say Jenny saw John and me. However, colloquially one might hear John and me are happy, which is traditionally seen as a case error. Similarly, perhaps as a hypercorrected reaction to this, one can occasionally hear phrases like Jenny saw John and I.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations

See I/translations § Pronoun.

See also
English personal pronouns
personal pronoun possessive
pronoun		 possessive
determiner
subjective objective reflexive
first person singular I
me (colloquial)		 me myself
me
mysen		 mine my
mine (before vowels, archaic)
me
plural we us ourselves
ourself
oursen		 ours our
second person singular standard, formal you you yourself
yoursen		 yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)		 your
archaic, informal thou thee thyself
theeself
thysen		 thine thy
thine (before vowels)
plural standard you
ye (archaic)		 you yourselves yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)		 your
colloquial you all
y'all
you guys		 you all
y'all
you guys		 - y'all's
you guys's
your guys's (proscribed)		 y'all's
your all's (nonstandard)
you guys's
your guys's (proscribed)
informal / dialectal (see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
third person singular masculine he him himself
hisself (archaic)
hissen		 his
hisn (obsolete outside dialects)		 his
feminine she her herself
hersen		 hers
hern (obsolete outside dialects)		 her
neuter it
hit		 it
hit		 itself
hitself		 its
his (archaic)		 its
his (archaic)
hits
genderless they them themself, themselves theirs their
genderless, nonspecific
(formal) 		one one oneself - one's
plural they them
hem, 'em		 themselves
theirsen		 theirs
theirn (obsolete outside dialects)		 their

Noun

I (uncountable)

  1. (metaphysics) The ego.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i, plural Is or I's)

  1. The ninth letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also

Number

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ordinal number ninth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 3

Abbreviation.

Noun

I (countable and uncountable, plural Is)

  1. (US, roadway) Interstate.
  2. (grammar) Abbreviation of instrumental case.
  3. (computing) Abbreviation of instruction.

Etymology 4

Interjection

I

  1. Obsolete spelling of aye.

References

Afar

Letter

I (lowercase i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Azerbaijani

Letter

I upper case (lower case ?)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Basque

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Basque alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

Danish

FWOTD - 5 November 2015

Etymology

From Old Norse ír, variant of ér, from Proto-Germanic *j?z, from Proto-Indo-European *y.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

I (objective jer, possessive jeres)

  1. (personal) you, you all (second person plural)
    I må ikke gå derind!
    You can't go in there!
    • 2014, Diverse forfattere, Fire uger blev til fire år - og andre beretninger, Lindhardt og Ringhof ->ISBN
      Og så er der forresten lidt mere med det samme: I må love os een ting. mor og far, I må ikke efterligne os unge! -- For gør I det, ja, så kommer I til at se så morsomme ud. -- I må ikke prøve på at løbe fra jeres alder, for det kan I alligevel ikke.
      And by the way, there's something else: You must promise us one thing, mum and dad, you may not imitate us young! -- For if you do, you will look so funny. -- you may not try to run way from your age, for you can't do that anyway.
    • 1981, Mogens Wolstrup, Vild hyben: danske forfattere skriver om jalousi
      Men det er ikke jeres skyld, siger Ditte. I er unge og kloge. I er grimme og fantastisk smukke. I har modet! I er på rette vej med jeres show. Jeg føler med jeres oprør, og måske derfor kunne jeg ikke klare mere. Jeres hud er glat, I er startet i tide.
      But it is not your fault, Ditte says. You are young and intelligent. You are ugly and amazingly beautiful. You have the courage! You are on the right path with your show. I feel with your rebellion, and perhaps for that reason, I couldn't take any more. Your skin is smooth, you started in time.
    • 2011, Per Ullidtz, Absalons Europa, BoD - Books on Demand ->ISBN, page 229
      Og lidt senere "I har hørt at det er sagt: øje for øje og tand for tand. Men jeg siger jer, at I må ikke sætte jer imod det onde; men dersom nogen giver dig et slag på din højre kind, da vend ham også den anden til! ...
      And a little later "you have heard it said: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. But I say to you, you may not resist evil; but if anyone hits you on the right cheek, turn the other towards [whoever hit you]! ...

See also

Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
Singular First - jeg mig min mit mine
Second modern / informal du dig din dit dine
formal De Dem Deres
Third masculine (person) han ham hans
feminine (person) hun hende hendes
common(noun) den dens
neuter(noun) det dets
reflexive - sig sin sit sine
Plural First modern vi os vores
archaic / formal vor vort vore
Second - I jer jeres
Third - de dem deres
reflexive - sig

References

Dutch

Pronunciation

Letter

I (capital, lowercase i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also

  • Previous letter: H
  • Next letter: J

Esperanto

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

Estonian

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.

See also

Finnish

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.

See also

Noun

I

  1. Abbreviation of improbatur.

German

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the German alphabet.

Related terms

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative I I-k
accusative I-t I-ket
dative I-nek I-knek
instrumental I-vel I-kkel
causal-final I-ért I-kért
translative I-vé I-kké
terminative I-ig I-kig
essive-formal I-ként I-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive I-ben I-kben
superessive I-n I-ken
adessive I-nél I-knél
illative I-be I-kbe
sublative I-re I-kre
allative I-hez I-khez
elative I-b?l I-kb?l
delative I-r?l I-kr?l
ablative I-t?l I-kt?l
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		I-é I-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		I-éi I-kéi
Possessive forms of I
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. I-m I-im
2nd person sing. I-d I-id
3rd person sing. I-je I-i
1st person plural I-nk I-ink
2nd person plural I-tek I-itek
3rd person plural I-jük I-ik

See also

Ido

Letter

I (lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Italian

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme; name of letter) IPA(key): /i/
  • (phoneme, when followed by a vowel in the same syllable) IPA(key): /j/

Letter

I m or f (invariable lower case, i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Italian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

Japanese

Romanization

I

  1. R?maji transcription of ?

Latvian

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. M?lenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

(file)

Letter

I

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

See also

Malay

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation

  • (Name of letter) IPA(key): [ai?]
  • (Phoneme) IPA(key): [i]
  • (Phoneme, Closed ultima) IPA(key): [e]

Letter

I

  1. The ninth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English i?, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?. More at English I.

Capitalized since 13th century to mark it as a distinct word and prevent misreading.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

I (accusative me, genitive min, genitive determiner mi, min)

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Descendants

  • English: I, ik (obsolete), ich (obsolete)
  • Scots: A, I, ik (rare)

References

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

Pronoun

I

  1. (dialect) I: a first-person singular personal pronoun
  2. (rare, archaic) ye: a second-person plural nominative pronoun

Portuguese

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Romanian

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  • Generally represents the phoneme /i/.
  • Before vowels, this letter usually takes on the sound of /j/
    ianuarie /ja.nu'a.ri.e/
  • At the ends of words (except verb infinitives, and those ending in a consonant cluster ending in l or r), the letter palatalizes the previous syllable and is "whispered": /?/
    b?ie?i /b?'jets?/

See also

Saanich

Pronunciation

Letter

I

  1. The eleventh letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Scots

Etymology 1

From Old English i?, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *é?h?.

Pronoun

I (first person singular, emphatic I)

  1. I
Synonyms

See also

Etymology 2

Letter

I

  1. The ninth letter of the Scots alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

Letter

I (lower case i)

  1. The sixteenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Slovene

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Pronunciation

Letter

I (capital, lowercase i)

  1. The 10th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by H and followed by J.

Somali

Pronunciation

Letter

I upper case (lower case i)

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Somali alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by E and followed by O.

See also

Spanish

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Spanish alphabet.

Adjective

I

  1. Abbreviation of ilustre.
    La I municipalidad de Valparaíso.

Swedish

Etymology 1

See the etymology at #Translingual.

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Swedish alphabet.

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish ?, ?r, from Old Norse ír, variant of ér, from Proto-Germanic *j?z, variant of *j?z, from Proto-Indo-European *y.

Alternative forms

Pronoun

I (personal pronoun)

  1. (archaic) you (second-person plural nominative)
Synonyms
References
  • Lindström, Fredrik (2010) , "Svårt att gissa arslets grundform [Hard to guess the lemma of arslet]", in Språktidningen‎[2] (in Swedish), issue 5, retrieved 14 July 2020

Turkish

Letter

I (upper case, lower case ?)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ? and written in the Latin script.

See also

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called i or i ng?n and written in the Latin script.

See also

Welsh

Pronunciation

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called i or i dot and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by H and followed by J.

Mutation

  • I cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word iwrch ("roe deer"):
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
iwrch unchanged unchanged hiwrch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950-present) , chapter I, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Zulu

Letter

I (upper case, lower case i)

  1. The ninth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also


  This article uses material from the Wikipedia page available here. It is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

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