Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

See images of
Radical 144 ?

? (radical 144, ?+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input (HOMMN), four-corner 2122₁, composition ???)

1. Kangxi radical #144, ?.

Usage notes

? itself is also used as a radical (in addition to ?); unusually for radicals, the phonetic is placed in the middle - with ? on the left and ? on the right - corresponding to the phonetic originally being placed at the middle of the intersection.

Derived characters

• Index:Chinese radical/?
• ?

References

• KangXi: page 1108, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34029
• Dae Jaweon: page 1570, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 811, character 6
• Unihan data for U+884C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character ?
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram () - a street intersection.

Originally symmetric, it has been simplified asymmetrically; the left half ? is widely used as a radical, while the right half ? finds occasional use, and the character can be broken up as ? + ?, though originally it was not a compound.

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

?

1. (literary or dialectal) to walk

   • :??,?????????????,??????? [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     :"?,?????????????,????????" [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 - 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Z? yu?: "S?n rén xíng, bì y?u w? sh? y?n. Zé qí shàn zh? ér cóng zh?, qí bù shàn zh? ér g?i zh?." [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. I will select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them."

2. to go; to move
3. to carry out; to execute
4. to perform (a salute)
5. OK; good

   ?,???? / ?,????  -  Xíng, jiù zhème dìng le.  -  OK, it's a deal.

6. to be good; to work

   ???? / ????  -  W? juéde zhè f?ngf? xíng.  -  I think this will work.

7. to be good (opposed to bad) (usually in negative sentences, or with ?)

   ???? / ????  -  W? chéngjì bù xíng.  -  I have bad grades.

8. to be able to do something (usually mentioned before)

   • ?????,???? [MSC, trad.]
     ?????,???? [MSC, simp.]

     T? néng sì f?nzh?ng p?o y? g?ngl?, w? bù xíng. [Pinyin]

     He can run a kilometer within 4 minutes. I can't (do that).

Usage notes

Notice that when meaning "be able to do something", ? can only be used without a complement. This is different from ? (néng, "to be able to (do something)").

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

?

1. profession; industry; trade; business
2. place for specific transaction

   ?? / ??  -  yínháng  -  bank [lit. money store]

   ? / ?  -  zh?b?oháng  -  jewellery store

3. line of objects; row
4. (Mainland China) row (in data tables)
5. (Taiwan) column (in data tables)

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

?

1. behaviour; conduct

Compounds

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

?

1. skill from monk training

   ??  -  dàohéng  -  monk training

Pronunciation 5

Definitions

?

1. ⁺Used in ("bold; staunch; strong").
2. Used in / ("row of trees").

References

• (Min Nan) "Entry #2617", in ? [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 2 "Ky?iku" kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: (gy?, J?y?) (gyau, historical); (g?) ^{(gau, historical)}
• Kan-on: (k?, J?y?) (kau, historical)
• T?-on: (an, J?y?, uncommon); (hin)
• Kan'y?-on: (gy?, J?y?) (gyau, historical)
• S?-on: (an, J?y?, uncommon); (hen)
• Kun: (iku, , J?y?); (yuku, , J?y?); ? (okonau, , J?y?)^? (okonafu, historical); ? (okonau, )^{? (okonafu, historical)}; (kudari, ?)
• Nanori: (tsura); (yuki)

Compounds

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese ? (MC æ?). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

The kan'y?on pronunciation, possibly influenced by the goon pronunciation below.

Pronunciation

• Kan'y?yomi
  • (Tokyo) ​? [gyó?ò] (Atamadaka - [1])^[1]
  • IPA^(key): [o?:]

Noun

? (hiragana , r?maji gy?, historical hiragana )

1. a line of text
2. (mathematics) a row of a matrix
3. (calligraphy) Abbreviation of ("semi-cursive script").

Suffix

? (hiragana , r?maji -gy?)

1. a row (vertical line) in the goj?on table, which consists of kanas that have or historically have a same consonant

   ?? ()?? ()

   sa-gy? u-dan

   row sa, section u (of consonant /s/ and vowel /u/)

Coordinate terms

• ? () (dan)

Etymology 2

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

? ()

Wikipedia ^ja

From Middle Chinese ? (MC æ?). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

The goon pronunciation, so likely an earlier borrowing.

• For the "formations" definition, translation of Sanskrit ? (sa?sk?ra)
• For "austerities", translation of Sanskrit (cary?)
• For "walking", translation of Sanskrit (gamana)

Pronunciation

• On'yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) ​? [gyó?ò] (Atamadaka - [1])^[1]
  • IPA^(key): [o?:]

Noun

? (hiragana , r?maji gy?, historical hiragana )

1. (Buddhism) sa?kh?ra: formations, mental activity; one of the (goun, "five skandhas")
2. (Buddhism) cary: austerities; practice or discipline for enlightenment (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
3. (Buddhism) gamana: manner of going forward or walking (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
4. (by extension, rare) going, travelling

Usage notes

The "going, travelling" definition is superseded by below.

Synonyms

• (formations): ? ()? () (gy?un)

See also

• ? (?)? () (goun, "five skandhas"): ? () (shiki, "r?pa"), ? () (ju, "vedan?"), ? () (s?, "saññ?"), ? () (gy?, "sa?kh?ra"), ? () (shiki, "viñña")

Proper noun

? (hiragana , r?maji Gy?)

1. A surname​.
2. A unisex given name

Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese ? (MC , æ?, ^H, æ?^H). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely the later borrowing.

Pronunciation

• On'yomi: Kan'on
  • (Tokyo) ?​? [kó?ò] (Atamadaka - [1])^[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ko?:]

Noun

? (hiragana , r?maji k?, historical hiragana )

1. going; travelling (UK), traveling (US)
2. type of classical Chinese verse (usually an epic)
3. (archaic) merchant's association; guild
4. bank (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Proper noun

? (hiragana , r?maji K?)

1. A unisex given name

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Affix

? (hiragana , r?maji an)

1. journey; travel
2. carry around

Etymology 5

Cognate with (kudari, "downward-going").^[1]

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
  • (Tokyo) ? [kùdárí] (Heiban - [0])^[1]
  • IPA^(key): [kdai]

Noun

? (hiragana , r?maji kudari)

1. vertical row
2. vertical line

Suffix

? (hiragana , r?maji -kudari)

1. used to count lines of sentences (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Etymology 6

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun

? (hiragana , r?maji Akira, alternative reading , r?maji Susumu, alternative reading , r?maji T?ru, alternative reading , r?maji Makoto)

1. A unisex given name

? (hiragana , r?maji Aruki)

1. A place name

? (hiragana , r?maji An, alternative reading , r?maji Iku, alternative reading , r?maji Itaru, alternative reading , r?maji Yukue)

1. A female given name

? (hiragana , r?maji Tsutomu, alternative reading , r?maji Tsuyoshi)

1. A male given name

? (hiragana , r?maji Yuki)

1. A place name
2. A surname​.
3. A female given name

References

Korean

Hanja

? (eumhun ? (danil haeng))

1. movement

? (eumhun ? (hangnyeol hang))

1. degree of familial relation

Compounds

• (movement):
• (degree of relation):

Vietnamese

Han character

? (hàng, h?nh, hành, hãng)

1. company, firm
2. (archaic) to go, to travel (on a long journey).

Compounds

• (hành khách) passenger
• (hành lý) luggage/baggage
• (ngân hàng) bank
• (ngân hàng máu) blood bank
• (nhà hàng) restaurant, hotel
• (c?a hàng) shop/store
• (hành khách) passenger
• (h?c hành) (to) learn/study
• (ch?p hành) (to) implement, execute, carry out
• (hành tinh) planet
• (hành lang) corridor/passage
• (c? hành) to celebrate/host (an event)
• (giao hàng) to deliver goods
• (c h?nh) righteousness/good character
• (b? hành) pedestrian
• (hàng ch?) line of text